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The Outsiders by S. E. Hinton
ISBN: 0-670-53257-6           
Hinton, S. E. (2007). The Outsiders. New York: Viking Press.

Plot Summary
Ponyboy lives with his older brothers Darrel and Sodapop after the death of their parents.  He is part of the Greasers, the poor students who find themselves up against the Socs, the popular students.  While at a movie theater, Ponyboy meets Cherry and Marcia, two Socs, and walks them home.  Their Socs boyfriends are upset and begin a fight with Ponyboy and his friends.  The girls calm down the boys and the Greasers are able to get away.  Ponyboy’s oldest brother Darrel is upset Ponyboy is home late and hits him, so Ponyboy runs away.  While walking around town he meets up with Johnny, a friend.  They wander around, but some Socs find them and nearly drown Ponyboy.  Johnny gets scared and ends up stabbing and killing one of the Socs.  They run to another Greaser who gives them money and hides them in an abandoned building.  Johnny decides to turn himself in to the police after he hears a turf war has started.  As they begin to leave, the building catches on fire with children inside.  Ponyboy and Johnny run inside to save them, and timber falls on Johnny. 

Critical Evaluation
What more can be written about a 46-year-old book that still resonates with contemporary teen readers?  Written by a teen in the 1960’s, The Outsiders delves into universal themes that adolescents’ experience – loss, isolation, bullying, and other physical and emotional challenges. It is not only the themes but the characters that readers have responded to and identified with for generations. Though a short book, the characters are instantly real and create a sense of familiarity.  No happy ending is possible with the turn of events, but the wish and hope remains.  The teenage years are tough, and Hinton make sure everyone remembers. The orphaned family of three males are almost stereotypical – Darry, the oldest, responsible one; Soda, the middle easy-going, irresponsible one; and Ponyboy, the youngest who holds the most promise to break from the neighborhood.  The tight-knit family and their friends that barely survive are damaged by an unfair world. Entering their world and their lives will break your heart.  That is why The Outsiders, one of the first realistic novels written for young adults, is a modern classic that unifies teens and anyone that was once a teen.

Reader’s Annotation
The classic story of the haves and have-nots, their altercations with each other, and the consequences for all.  Written when the author was a teenager herself.

About the Author
After writing The Outsiders as a teenager, S.E. Hinton experienced sudden fame and publicity.  Her second novel is considered to be more thought-out, and Hinton has said she was careful to write each sentence.  Four years later she published Rumble Fish, which had grown from an earlier short story.  It was received with mixed reviews, some praising, some saying Hinton would never write again.  Several years later she proved critics wrong and published again.  In 1995, after seven years of no books, Hinton released a book for young children in kindergarten.  A couple years later Hinton wrote The Puppy Sister, a fantasy written for elementary children. 

S.E. Hinton born Susan Eloise Hinton in Tulsa, Oklahoma.  She enjoyed reading, but disliked the lack of young adult novels available.  This inspired her to write The Outsiders, her first novel.  After writing The Outsiders, Hinton was quickly famous, which led to three years of writer’s block.  Hinton enjoys horseback riding, reading, and auditing classes at the university nearby.  She still writes longhand and then types her work onto a computer.  Hinton lives with her husband and they have a grown son.

Genre
Realistic Fiction/Classic

Curriculum Ties
Social Issues/Bullying

Booktalking
The Haves and the Have-Nots, has anything changed in 40 years?           

Reading Level/Interest Level
RL: 5th grade
IL: 7th grade and up

Challenge Issues
Possible challenge issues include teenagers engaging in illegal activities, such as gangs and murder.

In my defense file, I would include the following:
1) Library Mission Statement
2) Library Selection Policy approved by any or all of the following individuals—principal, school board, district librarian OR library manager, city council, mayor.
3) Library Bill of Rights adapted from CSLA Bill of Rights, AASL Bill of Rights and/or ALA Bill of Rights
4) Reviews, both positive and critical, from respected sources such as School Library Journal, VOYA, Booklist
5) Rationale for book inclusion for titles anticipated to be controversial, frequently challenged, or created when a book is challenged including: summary, audience, purpose, controversial issues and how they are handled
6) How the book fits within Common Core Standards or State Standards
7) Reconsideration form for challenger to complete—include a section asking which part was of particular concern, if the entire book was read, and what other similar titles are suggested instead
8) Student reviews from those who have read the book and either enjoyed or disliked the book and why.

Why Included
Even though it has a lower reading level, The Outsiders has become a modern classic of young adult literature, and speaks to readers of all ages.

Others in the Series
That Was Then, This Was Now (companion novel)

References
Hinton, S. E. (n.d.).  Biography.  Retrieved from http://www.sehinton.com/bio.html


 
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The Giver by Lois Lowry
ISBN: 0-553-57133-8
Lowry, L. (1993). The Giver. New York: Houghton Mifflin.
Read by Ron Rifkin

Plot Summary
Jonas is eleven-years-old and is anxiously awaiting his twelfth birthday.  Each year in December, all the children in their village attend a ceremony where something special happens for each age group.  At twelve, the children receive their future occupation and begin training.  Jonas receives the job of Receiver, and begins to work with a man he calls Giver.  Jonas’ father is a Nurturer, one who takes care of the babies before they are named and given out to families at the yearly ceremony.  One baby, Gabriel, is not developing as he should, and cries too much.  Gabriel stays with Jonas’ family for a year in hopes the extra attention will make him the same.  As Jonas continues his training he realizes that his village has faults.  He realizes that color, feelings, pain, love and memories exist.  The Receiver’s job is to remember the memories of generations past in case the Council requires guidance on one of their rules.  Jonas finds he does not agree with this method, and having all the memories is a burden, but it is not until he finds out what Release is, that Jonas knows he has to take action.  Even more critically, Jonas discovers Gabriel is going to be Released because he has not adjusted to sameness.  Can Jonas make a difference?

Critical Evaluation
This future world’s inhabitants live in utopia – a society with no hunger, no pain, no problems, no violence.  The “no’s” are endless but the most striking is that this society offers no choices. The tightly controlled, colorless culture has logical, unemotional rules. The society restricts freedom but operates very smoothly for those who conform.  Written 20 years ago in 1993, The Giver explored social issues that are still controversial and are still debated. The proposed euthanasia of the baby Gabriel will be met with horror by most readers, but the euthanizing of the elderly grandfather provokes more discussion about one’s worth to one’s community.  The writing style is appropriate for a book that depicts a colorless culture. It is not breathless, “seat of your pants” language, but stark, barren language that fits the plot-line and theme.  The story’s conclusion is vague and while it holds possibilities for Jonas, it doesn’t promise. Released from his utopia, he will now encounter uncertainty, and hunger, and pain, and problems. And choices.

Rifkin does an admirable job reading The Giver.  He successfully infuses each character with his or her own voice, inflection, and personality.  A middle-aged man giving voice to an eight-year-old girl is worthy of mention.  Rifkin effortlessly switches voices back-and-forth during dialogue, allowing listeners to easily differentiate speakers despite the lack of written words in front of them.  Precision of language is one of the key tenets in Jonas' village, and Rifkin has managed to master.  Even when the story becomes intense, Rifkin reads with a slow, measured pace, building anticipation for the listener.  The background music and noises serve to emphasize the dramatic nature of the story. 

Reader’s Annotation
After Jonas is named as Receiver, he discovers his village is hiding secrets and decides saving Gabriel is more important than the village.

About the Author
Lois Lowry began writing around the time of her divorce in 1977.  Her first novel, A Summer to Die is loosely based on her experiences of her older sister passing away.  Lowry says that while all her books have different settings and characters, they all contain the common theme of human connections and their importance.  Lowry has been award the Newbery Medal twice, for Number the Stars and The Giver.  She has written more than 40 books including the Giver quartet, Anastasia Krupnik series, and Gooney BirdSon, the long-awaited conclusion to the Giver quartet was published late last year, eight years after the last book.

Lois Lowry was born the middle child of three children, with an older sister and younger brother.  Her family moved frequently because her father was an Army dentist.  Before college Lowry lived in Hawaii, New York, Pennsylvania, Tokyo, and back to New York.  She attended Brown University in Rhode Island, but left after sophomore year to get married to a Navel officer.  Again, Lowry moved frequently and had four children in less than five years.  Lowry returned to college and finished her degree at the University of Southern Maine.  After twenty years of marriage, Lowry and her husband divorced.  She spent the next thirty years with Martin until his death in 2011.  Lowry is now a grandmother to four and loves gardening and spending time with her family.

Ron Rifkin, born Saul Rifkin in New York, is an actor best known for his work on Alias and Brothers & Sisters.  Rifkin has also had a career in film and on stage.  He has won various awards for plays including the Obie, Lucille Lortel, and Drama-Logue for Best Actor.  In 1998 Rifkin won a Tony Award for Best Supporting Actor for Cabaret.  Other than The Giver, Rifkin has also read Sang Spell by Phyllis Reynolds Naylor and Milkweed by Jerry Spinelli.  He has been married for over 40 years to Iva Rifkin.

Genre
Science Fiction/Dystopian
Audiobook

Curriculum Ties
Social Issues- surrogacy and euthanasia

Booktalking
Jonas has a choice: continue the status quo in his village or escape to save Jonas.  Why, and what will he do?

Reading Level/Interest Level
RL: 6th grade
IL: 6th grade and up

Challenge Issues
Possible challenge issues include defiance of authority, euthanasia, and pre-determined life cycles.

In my defense file, I would include the following:
1) Library Mission Statement
2) Library Selection Policy approved by any or all of the following individuals—principal, school board, district librarian OR library manager, city council, mayor.
3) Library Bill of Rights adapted from CSLA Bill of Rights, AASL Bill of Rights and/or ALA Bill of Rights
4) Reviews, both positive and critical, from respected sources such as School Library Journal, VOYA, Booklist
5) Rationale for book inclusion for titles anticipated to be controversial, frequently challenged, or created when a book is challenged including: summary, audience, purpose, controversial issues and how they are handled
6) How the book fits within Common Core Standards or State Standards
7) Reconsideration form for challenger to complete—include a section asking which part was of particular concern, if the entire book was read, and what other similar titles are suggested instead
8) Student reviews from those who have read the book and either enjoyed or disliked the book and why.

Why Included
The Giver won the 1994 Newbery and is one of the first dystopian novels for young adults.

Others in the Series
Gathering Blue (Book #2)
Messenger (Book #3)
Son (Book #4)

References
Lowry, L. (2012).  Biography.  Retrieved from http://www.loislowry.com/
Ron Rifkin. (2013, February 22).  Retrieved April 20, 2013 from Wikipedia: http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ron_Rifkin
TV Guide. (2012). Ron rifkin: Biography.  Retrieved from http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/ron-rifkin/172870


 
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Christy by Catherine Marshall
ISBN: 0-310-24163-4
Marshall, C., (1967). Christy.  New York: McGraw Hill

Plot Summary
Christy, a 19-year-old from a well-to-do family hears a Christian revival minister speak about his missionary work in Appalachia.  Christy is drawn to his message and decides to volunteer her time and become a schoolteacher in Cutter Gap.  When she arrives, Christy is overwhelmed by the poverty and ignorance of the people she meets.  The locals are suspicious and unwelcoming to outsiders, and are reluctant to ask for her help.  Alice, a Quaker woman, helps Christy see the goodness in the people and acceptance of their ways.  There is also a young minister David Grantland, another outsider, and Dr. Neill MacNeill, an agnostic who has lived in the mountains.  She learns about the people’s customs and way of life, and learns to appreciate them all.  As time passes, Christy and the people form relationships, and she begins teaching the children, and some of the adults.  Christy also grows closer to the young pastor and doctor.

Critical Evaluation
A heart-warming story.  God and Christian themes are a tenet throughout, but are not the main focus.  Rather, the actions and attitudes of many characters are guided by their faith, but are not managed or controlled.  Superstitious individuals also prevent this from becoming a overly moralizing Christian novel.  The atheist doctor is also not reviled, but treated with respect and understanding.  His reasons for his lack of faith are convincing, and while not agree with, are accepted.  If the religious tones are too much, glancing over them is sufficient and will not ruin or lessen the story.  Alice’s Quaker ways are calming, and even non-Christian readers will find themselves supporting her quiet and peaceful views.  The characters are what make Christy a memorable novel.  Their plights, concerns, and successes are celebrated by the other townspeople and readers alike, as it is easy to become invested.  The simple, daily lives of the Appalachian people were mundane to those living them, but are written with a sincere interest that turns them into interesting accounts of very different lives.  There is moonshining, feuding, and killing, but also hard workers, loving families, and lasting friendships.  In the end, what you believe in is not as important as how you live your life.

Reader’s Annotation
Christy, a young woman from an educated family goes to the very poor Appalachian Mountains to be a teacher.  Her relationships with the locals, including the pastor and doctor, change all their lives.

About the Author
Catherine Marshall’s first book, Mr Jones, Meet the Master came about after her husband’s death when she needed to support her small family.  Due to its success, Marshall decided to write A Man Called Peter, her husband’s biography.  It remained on the New York Times bestseller list for fifty weeks.  She then turned to novel writing and wrote Christy.  The novel is partly based on her mother’s experiences teaching in Appalachia before her marriage.  Her books have been translated into thirty-five languages and sold over eighteen million copies. 

Catherine Marshall was born in Tennessee to a reverend and his wife.  She graduated from Agnes Scott College and married a minster named Peter Marshall at twenty-two.  Marshall wanted to be a writer, but devoted the next years to being a wife and mother.  She contracted tuberculosis and was confined for over two years while she recovered.  Just twelve years after they were married, Peter Marshall died of a heart attack.  Left a poor widow, Catherine Marshall decided to compile and edit her husband’s sermons into a book.  It was a success and she continued to write.  Ten years after her husband’s death, Marshall remarried.  Her second husband was Leonard LeSourd, editor of Guideposts.  Marshall died in 1983 at 68. 

Genre
Christian/Historical Fiction

Curriculum Ties
Appalachian History

Booktalking
Imagine a young woman leaving all that is familiar, and going to Appalachia.  A beautiful place, but one with poverty and little knowledge of modern ways.

Reading Level/Interest Level
RL: 8th grade
IL: 9th grade and up

Challenge Issues
I do not foresee any challenges.  But if there were I would have my Defense File ready.

In my defense file, I would include the following:
1) Library Mission Statement
2) Library Selection Policy approved by any or all of the following individuals—principal, school board, district librarian OR library manager, city council, mayor.
3) Library Bill of Rights adapted from CSLA Bill of Rights, AASL Bill of Rights and/or ALA Bill of Rights
4) Reviews, both positive and critical, from respected sources such as School Library Journal, VOYA, Booklist
5) Rationale for book inclusion for titles anticipated to be controversial, frequently challenged, or created when a book is challenged including: summary, audience, purpose, controversial issues and how they are handled
6) How the book fits within Common Core Standards or State Standards
7) Reconsideration form for challenger to complete—include a section asking which part was of particular concern, if the entire book was read, and what other similar titles are suggested instead
8) Student reviews from those who have read the book and either enjoyed or disliked the book and why.

Why Included
I read Christy for the first time several years ago and it stayed with me.  It is a lovely book and one I reread.

Others in the Series
N/A

References
Peter Marshall Ministries. (2013).  Legacy.  Retrieved from http://www.catherinemarshallministries.com/legacy/catherine-marshall/